Overview of Web3 Development in Various Fields in the First Half of 2024
Ethereum
Zero Knowledge
ZKVM & ZKEVM
In the first half of 2024, more and more ZKEVM projects are shifting to the ZKVM architecture, represented by the Ethereum Foundation's PSE team. Taiko is collaborating with Risc0 on ZKVM, and Scroll is also preparing. Plonky3 has become a catalyst, outperforming Halo2 in performance but with slightly lower stability, enhancing user experience.
The currently available virtual machines include ZKWASM, Succinct's SP1, a16z's JOLT, and Risc0. Polyhedra's ZK Prover performs excellently and plans to develop a virtual machine. Aztec and Mina are also in development, and performance benchmarks have not yet been released.
Key factors for broader adoption include proof costs, efficiency, and development time. Z